___ is the de facto query language and data access standard supported by the majority of DBMS vendors.

___ is the de facto query language and data access standard supported by the majority of DBMS vendors.

a. DBMS
b. Access Query Language
c. Structured Query Language
d. 4GL



Answer: c. Structured Query Language

____ deals with fixing the database after a failure such as a disk or power failure.

____ deals with fixing the database after a failure such as a disk or power failure.

a. Access control
b. Backup
c. Recovery
d. Security


Answer: c. Recovery

The DBMS allows the user to specify what must be done, without having to specify how it is to be done, by using a(n) ____.

The DBMS allows the user to specify what must be done, without having to specify how it is to be done, by using a(n) ____.

a. access control
b. query language
c. table generator
d. security system



Answer: b. query language

Activities that make the database perform more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed are known as performance ____.

Activities that make the database perform more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed are known as performance ____.

a. development
b. upgrades
c. enhancements
d. tuning


Answer: d. tuning

___ are the instructions and rules that govern the design and use of the database system.

___ are the instructions and rules that govern the design and use of the database system.

a. Procedures
b. Hardware
c. Software
d. Data


Answer: a. Procedures

Where does the DBMS store the definitions of data elements and their relationships?

Where does the DBMS store the definitions of data elements and their relationships?

a. data map
b. data file
c. index
d. data dictionary


Answer: d. data dictionary

__ are considered database architects.

__ are considered database architects.

a. Systems analysts and programmers
b. Database administrators
c. Systems administrators
d. Database designers


Answer: d. Database designers

Database management systems, operating systems, applications and utilities are all examples of ____.

Database management systems, operating systems, applications and utilities are all examples of ____.

a. input and output
b. software
c. hardware
d. computer infrastructure


Answer: b. software

___ are the people who use application programs to run the organization's daily operations.

___ are the people who use application programs to run the organization's daily operations.

a. Data practitioners
b. End users
c. Managers
d. Database programmers


Answer: b. End users

The term ____ refers to an organization of components that define and regulate the collection, storage, management, and use of data within a database environment.

The term ____ refers to an organization of components that define and regulate the collection, storage, management, and use of data within a database environment.

a. people
b. DBMS
c. database system
d. hardware


Answer: c. database system

A data ____ develops when all of the required changes in the redundant data are not made successfully.

A data ____ develops when all of the required changes in the redundant data are not made successfully.

a. dependence
b. redundancy
c. anomaly
d. inconsistency


Answer: c. anomaly

Data ____ is defined as "the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions."

Data ____ is defined as "the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions."

a. verification
b. redundancy
c. inconsistency
d. integrity


Answer: d. integrity

Which of the following would result in a data anomaly?

Which of the following would result in a data anomaly?

a. obsolescence of data
b. inconsistent redundant data
c. modification of data
d. timeliness of data



Answer: b. inconsistent redundant data

Data ____ exists when the same data are stored unnecessarily at different places.

Data ____ exists when the same data are stored unnecessarily at different places.

a. fragmentation
b. dependency
c. redundancy
d. inconsistency


Answer: c. redundancy

___ independence exists when it is possible to make changes in the file structure without affecting the application program's ability to access the data.

___ independence exists when it is possible to make changes in the file structure without affecting the application program's ability to access the data.

a. Structural
b. Logical
c. Physical
d. Fragmentation


Answer: a. Structural

Human beings view data according to its ____ data format.

Human beings view data according to its ____ data format.

a. structured
b. outer
c. logical
d. physical


Answer: c. logical

Because all data access programs are subject to change when any of the file's data storage characteristics change (that is, changing the data type), the file system is said to exhibit ____.

Because all data access programs are subject to change when any of the file's data storage characteristics change (that is, changing the data type), the file system is said to exhibit ____.

a. physical data format
b. data dependence
c. data independence
d. logical data format


Answer: b. data dependence

Data ____ exists when it is possible to make changes in the data storage characteristics without affecting the application program's ability to access the data.

Data ____ exists when it is possible to make changes in the data storage characteristics without affecting the application program's ability to access the data.

a. mining
b. integrity
c. independence
d. inconsistency


Answer: c. independence

A(n) ____ allows the user to specify what must be done without specifying how it must be done.

A(n) ____ allows the user to specify what must be done without specifying how it must be done.

a. script
b. nonprocedural language
c. procedural language
d. object-oriented language


Answer: b. nonprocedural language

A raw fact such as a telephone number is known as ____.

A raw fact such as a telephone number is known as ____.

a. data
b. information
c. relationships
d. records


Answer: a. data